Improvement in loom



liiltirrl tant gemene.

Letters Patent No. 102,039, dated April 19, 1870.

IMPROVEMENT 1N LooM.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and makingpart of the Same To all Iwhom 4it may concern Beit known that we, PIERRE FnAxors RAMEL and J EAN DROGAT, of Lyons, in the department of Rhone, France, have invented a new and Improved Power-Loom for the Fabrication of Plain Velvet Stuis; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description' thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings forrning part of this specification, in Which- Figure 1 represents a vertical longitudinal section of our improved power 1oom,the plan of section being indicated by the line :c a', fig. 2.

Figure 2 is a horizontal of the same taken ou the plane of the line xl xl, fig. 1.-

Figure 3 is a vertical transverse section of the saine taken on the plane of the line x2 x2, fig. 1.A

Figure 4 is a vertical transverse section of the same, taken on the plane of the line y y, iig. 1.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts. v

This invention relates to a new powerloonr for the fabrication of plain velvet stuffs, which is capable of weaving two pieces at the same time,`and which is worked by hand or steam-power, and able to weave every quality of velvet, such as silk-velvet, cotton,- velvet, and extra slks. The velvet stu must not be confounded with plush, used for gentlemens hats and 'other purposes, with which it has no connection.

We believe that, by our improvements, the manufacture of plain velvet stuffs is rendered much cheaper, while the article is fabricated in a better and more substantial manner. y

The frame E of the loom supports four transverse horizontal rollers, A. B (l D, of which two, A B, are hung near one end, parallel to each other. These rollers A B are made rough by sand, and are provided with sharp steel points. .lhe rollers A B are on the front end of the loom, and constitute lthe take-up drums: They are revolved in opposite directions, in' order to separate the different pieces of fabric.

They are connected by gear-wheels a a, which receive intermittent rotary motion by a pawl, b, engaging a ratchet-wheel, c.

The pawl is pivoted to a lever, d, which is, by a cord, e, connected with a shaft, f, `which is placed horizontally across the looru under the pattern-mechanism.

One of the lifting-rods, F, is, by a cord, g, connected with the shaft f. When this lifting-rod is elevated it turns tbe shaft, and the latter moves the lever d, causing the pawl to vturn the ratchet-wheel, and thereby to impart motion to the rollers A B.

The two rollers C D are placed near the back end of the loom. The roller C contains the warp-threads,

and has its bearings ou the outside of the two hind legs of the loom. A Upon it is mounted, near one end, a pulley, h, somewhat larger in diameter than the roller.

Around the pulley is placed a cord, '11, which is with one end fastened to a spring, j, and with the other end to a weighted lever, le, to produce the required tension.

The lever l: carries around its pivot a ratchet-wheel,` l, which has its motion regulated bypawls m m. The alternate motion of the spring and weighted lever producesthe required friction and let-oli` of the warp, in the well-known manner.

The roller D contains the silk which forms the pile of the velvet. It is placed forward of the roller-.0, and turns on two screw-pivots a.

It is revolved by means of a friction roller, o, which is covered with leather or other material, and which is hung in a fra-me, p, that is, by means of springs r, drawn toward the roller D. The friction roller o is termed a regulator' because it regulates the delivery of the silk to nrake the pile of the'velvet.

The action of the roller o is controlled by a ratch et-wheel, which is fixed to its shaft, and by a pawl, s, which is pivoted to a lever', t, that is, by a cord, u, connected with the same shaft f which serves to move the rollers A B. Its mode of operation is simply to regulate the supply of silk by frictional contact therewith, and by causing a feed proportional to its own revolutions. Y

The heddles G Cr are nearly, throughout, arranged alternately for weaving the upper and lower fabrics. In the drawings, the. heddles for thc ripper fabric are marked G, those for the lower G.

The heddles G are suspended from the frame of the loonr by springs r, and arc, at their lower ends, connected with levers w, that are, by cords x, connected with some of the lifting-rods F.

The heddles Gr are suspended sfrorn their' liftingrods F by means of cords y, and are held down by springs Z. v

The loops in the heddles G arc higher' than those in G', but can, by lowering the heddles G, be drawn to a level with the same. pending and holding the two sets of heddles it is evident that, by elevating the lifting-rods of the jacquard, the heddles G will be lowered, and those, G, elevated.

In front of the heddles is supported, on the frame of the loom, a horizontal bar, H, which is made of polished iron, and -which is supported by two legs fitted to the loom. lhis bar supports the double fabric before it is separated.

Near each end of thisbaris arranged a movable stone a', which is supported lon springs b', and serves to sharpen the knife that cuts the pile.

By the manner of sus- The knife I is secured to a slide that travels on a transverse shaft, J.

The slide is secured to the ends of a .-cord, c', that is fastened to a vibrating arm, L, which is fixed to a longitudinal horizontal shaft, M, placed under the pattern mechanism.

The shaft M is, by cords d', connected with two lifting-rods F, and receives, by the same, an oscillating motion, causing thereby a reciprocating motion to be imparted to the knife. The vibrating arm is weighted, to give momentum to the action of the knife.

The bar H carries two adjustable fixed knives e' e', which serve to keep the fabric stretched, and to cut the woof which ties the different pieces at the sel-v vage.

The vibrating arm carries, at its upper end, a pnlley, f, to whose periphery is fastened a pin. To this pin the cord is xedly attached, and by which (the pulley being loose) the tension on either side of the lever-armis equalized. By this means the pulley regulates the tension of the cord o', prevents a shock,

and moderates the speed of the pattern-mechanism.

'to make the loom go or stop, as he wishes.

On the same shaft I are mounted four cams R, S,

T, and U, which perform the movements of the loom.

The cam R works the pattern mechanism, alternately depressing and elevating a spring-treadle, l. The third cam T works the hatten. The pattern mechanism is of ordinary construction, and is especially adapted to the above kind of fabric.

The number of lifting-rods F can be varied at will, to conform to the heddles. The pattern-card W regulates the action of the lifting-rods in the ordinary manner.

on bobbins A', which are hung ou a transverse bar B',

and receive tension by springs n and cords o.

The operation is as follows The warp-threads in the two sets of heddles, and coming from the beam O, are, in the woven fabric, held together by the pile. The shuttle, when moving in one direction, passes between the shed formedin the warp for the upper fabric, while, in the opposite direction, it passes through the shed for 4the lower fabric. Thus a double fabric is produced, consisting of two layers of warp andA Woof-threads that are joined together by the pile. These two fabrics are, by the reciprocating knife, cut in two. Thus the operation ofthe loom isnot made more complicated, and two complete fabrics are produced in about the same timeJ and with no more difficulty than the single fabric ordinarilymade. The shearing of velvet, being a separate process, is, in our loom, performed at once on both fabrics by separating the same.

Having thus described our invention,

\Ve clainras new and desire to secure Vby Letters Patent- 1. The combination, with two parallel roughened take-up rolls A B, of gear-wheels a a, pawls b, ratchet C, lever d, cords e g, shaft f, and lifting-rod F, all constructed and arranged in a loom as set forth.

2. The combination, with roller D, of leather-covered friction roll O, adjustable tension springs fr, ratchet-pawl s, lever t, cord n, shaft j, and lifting-rod F, all constructed and arranged as and for 4the purpose set forth.

3. The transverse horizontal shaft f and lifting-rod F, combined with take-up rolls A B, roll D, and their intermediate connecting mechanism, 'all being constructed, arranged, and operated as set forth.

4. A knife I, sliding on the transverse rod J, in

combination with two fixed knives e e', located upon the bar H, as and for the purpose set forth.

PIERRE FRANCOIS RAMEL. JEAN DROGAT.

Witnesses:

ALBERT J. DE ZEYK,

Umltezl States Deputy Consul, J ons J oNns. 

